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Choosing the Right Accessibility Audit for Your Goals
Ensuring your website is accessible to everyone, regardless of their abilities, is a legal obligation and a crucial aspect of good business practice. Digital accessibility is about creating an inclusive web experience, allowing everyone to navigate, interact, and engage with your online content without barriers. A vital component of this effort is accessibility testing, which identifies and helps rectify issues that could prevent users with disabilities from accessing your site. But with so many accessibility audits available, how do you choose the right one for your goals?

This post will explore different accessibility testing methods, their benefits, and how you can select the best approach to meet your needs.

What is Accessibility Testing?

Accessibility testing evaluates a website or digital product to ensure people of all abilities can use it. This includes users with visual, auditory, physical, speech, cognitive, or neurological disabilities. The goal is to identify any barriers that might prevent these users from fully interacting with your site, whether that’s difficulty reading text, navigating menus, or accessing multimedia content.

Accessibility testing typically involves checking against established guidelines, such as the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG), which provide a comprehensive framework for creating accessible web content. Testing can be done using various methods, from automated tools to manual assessments by accessibility experts.

Why Your Website Needs Accessibility Testing

Web accessibility is not just a matter of ethics—it’s a legal requirement in many regions, including the United States, where the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) mandates that websites be accessible to people with disabilities. Failing to meet these requirements can result in costly lawsuits, damage to your brand’s reputation, and loss of potential customers.

Beyond legal compliance, accessibility testing is essential for ensuring a positive user experience for all visitors. An accessible website can increase your audience reach, improve customer satisfaction, and boost your SEO efforts, as search engines like Google favor easy-to-navigate and understand sites.

Overview of Different Accessibility Testing Methods

Several methods of accessibility testing exist, each with strengths and limitations. Understanding these methods will help you choose the right approach for your goals.

Automated Testing

Automated accessibility testing uses software tools to scan your website for accessibility issues. These tools can quickly identify common problems, such as missing alt text, improper heading structures, or color contrast issues.

Pros: Automated testing is fast, cost-effective, and can cover large portions of your site in a short amount of time. It’s an excellent first step in identifying apparent issues.

Cons: While automated tools can catch many issues, they only cover 30-40% of accessibility guidelines. They can miss more subtle or complex problems that require human judgment.

Manual Testing

Manual testing involves human testers evaluating your website’s accessibility by simulating users’ experience with disabilities. This might include using screen readers, navigating with a keyboard, or testing for cognitive load.

Pros: Manual testing is thorough and can identify issues that automated tools miss, such as keyboard navigation problems, improper use of ARIA (Accessible Rich Internet Applications), or issues with interactive elements like forms and buttons.

Cons: Manual testing is time-consuming and more expensive than automated testing. Expertise and experience are required to assess a site’s accessibility accurately.

Hybrid Testing

Hybrid testing combines automated and manual approaches to determine your site’s accessibility comprehensively. Automated tools are used to quickly identify issues, while manual testing addresses more complex problems.

Pros: Hybrid testing offers the best of both worlds—speed and thoroughness. It ensures that no stone is left unturned in your accessibility audit.

Cons: While more comprehensive, hybrid testing can be more costly and time-consuming than automated tools alone.

Choosing the Right Accessibility Audit for Your Goals

When selecting an accessibility audit, consider your specific goals, resources, and the complexity of your website. Here are a few scenarios to help guide your decision:
- Initial Compliance Check: If you’re new to accessibility and looking for a quick overview of your site’s compliance with basic guidelines, an automated audit might be a good starting point. This can help you identify low-hanging fruit that can be quickly addressed.
- Comprehensive Accessibility Review: For businesses that need a thorough assessment of their website’s accessibility, a hybrid audit combining both automated and manual testing is ideal. This approach will provide a complete picture of your site’s strengths and weaknesses.
- Ongoing Monitoring and Maintenance: If your goal is to maintain accessibility over time and avoid compliance issues, consider an ongoing monitoring service that regularly checks your site for new issues as content and technology change.
Overview of 216digital’s Accessibility Services

At 216digital, we understand that navigating the complexities of digital accessibility can be overwhelming. That’s why we offer a structured approach to accessibility audits through our Phase 1 Risk Mitigation and Phase 2 Real World Accessibility services.

Phase 1: Risk Mitigation Service

This initial phase focuses on identifying and addressing high-risk accessibility issues that could expose your business to legal action. Using automated tools and expert manual review, we prioritize the most critical issues that need immediate attention.

Phase 2: Real-World Accessibility Service

In Phase 2, we dive deeper into the user experience, focusing on real-world scenarios and how users interact with your site. This phase includes extensive manual testing to uncover complex issues and provides actionable recommendations for improving your site’s accessibility.

How Combining Automated and Manual Testing Enhances Accessibility

A combined approach to accessibility testing offers a more robust and reliable audit process. Automated tools quickly handle large-scale issues, but manual testing ensures your site meets the nuanced needs of all users. By integrating both methods, you can create a more accessible and user-friendly website, reducing the risk of missed issues and ensuring a more inclusive experience.

216digital’s a11y.Radar Service for Ongoing Monitoring

Maintaining accessibility is an ongoing process. 216digital’s a11y. Radar service continuously monitors your website, automatically scanning for new accessibility issues as they arise. This service helps ensure that your site complies with accessibility guidelines over time, catching potential problems before they become costly liabilities.

a11y.Radars Key Features include:
- Dynamic Dashboard Display
- Compliance Scans
- Detailed Issues Reports
- Issues Over Time
- Manual Testing Reports
- Email Alerts
- Current Web Compliance Status
How a11y.Radar Helps Prevent Frivolous ADA Lawsuits and Maintains Accessibility Compliance

One of the biggest concerns for businesses today is the threat of frivolous ADA lawsuits. These lawsuits can be costly and time-consuming, even if the claims are unfounded. 216digital’s a11y. Radar service acts as a safeguard, continuously monitoring your site for compliance and helping you address issues before they lead to legal action. By keeping your site up-to-date with accessibility standards, a11y.Radar protects you from lawsuits and ensures a better user experience for all visitors.

Conclusion

Choosing the proper accessibility audit is crucial for ensuring your website meets the needs of all users while staying compliant with legal requirements. Whether you’re just starting with accessibility or looking for a comprehensive review, understanding the different testing methods and services available will help you make an informed decision.

At 216digital, we can help develop a strategy to integrate WCAG 2.1 compliance into your development roadmap on your terms. To learn more about how our experts can help you confidently create and maintain an accessible website that meets both your business goals and the needs of your users, schedule a complementary ADA Strategy Briefing today.
Greg McNeil

August 8, 2024

ADA Web Accessibility

Accessibility Audit, Accessibility testing, digital accessibility, Web Accessibility, Web Accessibility Solution, Website Accessibility Tools
Navigating International Accessibility Laws
In today’s digital age, having an online presence is crucial for businesses of all sizes. But with the global reach of the internet comes a maze of regulations and standards, especially when it comes to web accessibility. If you’re a website owner or content creator in the United States, you might wonder how international accessibility laws affect your business. This article will walk you through the basics of these laws, help you understand which ones apply to your online business, and explain why staying compliant is not just about following the rules but also about expanding your audience and boosting your brand’s reputation.

What Are the Different International Accessibility Laws?

When it comes to accessibility laws, different countries have their own rules and guidelines to ensure that websites are accessible to everyone, including people with disabilities. Let’s take a look at some of the key international laws and what they cover:

The European Accessibility Act (EAA)

The EAA is a significant law in the European Union that came into effect in 2019. It aims to make products and services more accessible to people with disabilities. For online businesses, this means ensuring that websites, apps, and e-commerce platforms are usable by everyone. The EAA covers a broad range of industries, from banking services to e-books and online shopping. If your business operates or sells products in the EU, compliance with the EAA is a must.

The Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act (AODA)

In Canada, the AODA sets out guidelines to make Ontario more accessible by 2025. It applies to both public and private sectors, requiring businesses to ensure their websites are accessible to people with disabilities. This includes providing text alternatives for images, ensuring that website navigation is straightforward, and making online forms accessible. If your online business targets customers in Ontario, following AODA guidelines is essential.

The UK Equality Act 2010

The UK Equality Act is a comprehensive piece of legislation that protects people from discrimination in the workplace and wider society. For online businesses, this means ensuring that websites are accessible to everyone, regardless of their abilities. The law covers all aspects of web accessibility, including content readability, keyboard navigation, and screen reader compatibility. If your business has customers in the UK, the Equality Act’s requirements apply to you.

The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG)

While not a law, WCAG is a set of guidelines developed by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) that is widely used as the global standard for web accessibility. Many international laws, including those mentioned above, reference WCAG as the benchmark for accessibility. WCAG provides a clear roadmap for making web content more accessible, covering everything from text alternatives to visual content, to ensuring that your website works well with assistive technologies.

What International Laws Apply to Your Online Business?

Understanding which international accessibility laws apply to your online business can feel overwhelming, especially if you’re targeting customers from different parts of the world. Here’s a simple way to figure it out:
- Identify Your Audience: Start by identifying where your customers are located. If you have a global audience, it’s important to consider the accessibility laws in each region. For example, if you sell products in the EU, the EAA will apply to your business.
- Assess Your Operations: If your business operates in multiple countries, you’ll need to comply with the accessibility laws in each of those regions. This might include following the EAA for the EU, AODA for Ontario, and the UK Equality Act for the UK. If your business is based solely in the United States but reaches customers globally, you should still be mindful of these laws to avoid potential legal issues.
- Check the Legal Requirements: Different countries have different thresholds for when their laws apply to foreign businesses. For instance, if your business has a significant presence in the EU, you are required to comply with the EAA. Similarly, if you provide goods or services in Ontario, Canada, the AODA will apply.
Do These Laws Apply to Your Online Business?

The big question for many website owners and content creators is whether these international laws actually apply to their online business. The answer depends on a few factors:
- Business Location: If your business is based in a country with specific accessibility laws (like the EU or Canada), you’re automatically required to comply with those laws.
- Global Reach: Even if your business is based in the United States, you might still be subject to international accessibility laws if you sell products or services to customers in other countries. For example, if you ship products to the UK or have a website that targets European customers, you need to comply with the relevant accessibility laws.
- Legal Consequences: Non-compliance with international accessibility laws can lead to fines, legal action, and damage to your brand’s reputation. Even if you’re not legally required to follow these laws, doing so voluntarily can help you avoid these risks and demonstrate that you value inclusivity.
The Importance of Web Compliance and Accessibility

Web compliance and web accessibility aren’t just about avoiding legal trouble—they’re also about doing the right thing and expanding your reach. By making your website accessible, you’re ensuring that everyone, including people with disabilities, can access your content and services. This can lead to increased customer satisfaction, a larger audience, and a stronger brand reputation.

At 216digital, we understand the complexities of navigating international accessibility laws. Our web remediation services are designed to help your business stay compliant and accessible, no matter where your customers are located. From initial audits to ongoing support, we offer a comprehensive approach to web compliance that ensures your website meets the latest standards and guidelines.

Whether you’re just starting to explore international accessibility laws or need help bringing your website up to code, 216digital is here to guide you through the process. Our team of experts stays up-to-date with the latest regulations and guidelines, ensuring that your website is not only compliant but also user-friendly for everyone.

Conclusion

Navigating international accessibility laws might seem daunting, but with the right approach, it can be manageable and even beneficial for your business. By understanding the different laws, knowing which ones apply to your online business, and taking steps to ensure compliance, you can avoid legal pitfalls, expand your audience, and enhance your brand’s reputation.

If you’re ready to take the next step in making your website accessible and compliant with international laws, 216digital is here to help. Our web remediation services are tailored to your business needs, ensuring that you meet the necessary standards while creating an inclusive online experience for all users. Don’t wait—let’s work together to make your website accessible to everyone, everywhere.
Contact us today to schedule a complementary ADA Strategy Briefing so that you can confidently take this next step into digital accessibility.
Greg McNeil

August 7, 2024

ADA Web Accessibility

accessibility laws, ADA Compliance, digital accessibility, International Accessibility Laws, Web Accessibility, Website Accessibility
Insights from WebAIM’s Screen Reader Survey #10
In today’s digital age, ensuring that your website is accessible to everyone is more important than ever. WebAIM’s Screen Reader Survey #10 offers valuable insights into how people with disabilities use screen readers, which can help you make your website more accessible. If you’re an IT director, company owner, or anyone involved in managing a website, understanding these takeaways can help you improve your site’s digital accessibility and ensure it meets standards like Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG).

Targeted Demographic: Who Uses Screen Readers?

The WebAIM Screen Reader Survey #10 highlights a diverse group of people who use screen readers. These users come from various backgrounds and have different needs, but they all rely on screen readers to access content online. Knowing your audience is vital to making your website accessible. Here is a breakdown of who these users are:
1. People with Visual Impairments: This is the largest group of screen reader users, with 76.6% of respondents being visually impaired. They might have complete blindness or low vision that prevents them from reading text on a screen. Screen readers convert text into spoken words for these individuals, allowing them to navigate and understand web content.
2. People with Learning Disabilities: Some users with learning disabilities find screen readers helpful. They might have difficulty processing written text or need assistance with comprehension. Screen readers can help by reading text aloud and breaking it down into more manageable parts.
3. Older Adults: As people age, they may experience vision loss or other difficulties that make screen reading challenging. Older adults may use screen readers to compensate for reduced vision or cognitive changes that affect their ability to interact with digital content.
4. People with Physical Disabilities: Some users with physical disabilities that affect their ability to use a mouse or keyboard may rely on screen readers to navigate websites. They might use adaptive technology to interact with their devices, making screen readers an essential tool for accessing web content.
Targeted Age: Understanding the Age Range

The survey also reveals insights into the age range of screen reader users. While screen readers are crucial for users of all ages, certain age groups use them more frequently:
1. Younger Users: Younger users with disabilities are increasingly tech-savvy and may use screen readers alongside other assistive technologies. They often expect modern websites to be accessible and are quick to notice when accessibility features are lacking.
2. Middle-Aged Users: This group may include people who have acquired disabilities later in life or who are managing long-term conditions. They often need screen readers to access work-related or personal online content.
3. Older Adults: As mentioned earlier, older adults may use screen readers due to age-related vision loss or other issues. This demographic is growing, making it essential for websites to cater to their needs.
Understanding the age range of screen reader users can help you design your website in a way that accommodates different life stages and technological preferences.

Disabilities and Disability Types: Types of Disabilities Addressed

Screen readers are used by individuals with a range of disabilities. Let’s take a closer look at the types of disabilities that screen readers help address:
1. Visual Impairments: This includes both complete blindness and low vision. Screen readers convert on-screen text into speech, making content accessible to users who cannot see it. For users with low vision, screen readers can be combined with other assistive technologies, such as screen magnifiers.
2. Cognitive Disabilities: Users with cognitive disabilities might struggle with memory, attention, or processing information. Screen readers can assist by reading text aloud, which can make it easier for these users to understand and retain information.
3. Motor Disabilities: Individuals with motor disabilities might have difficulty using a keyboard or mouse. Screen readers can help by allowing users to navigate websites using voice commands or other adaptive technologies.
4. Hearing Impairments: While screen readers are primarily used by people with visual impairments, some individuals with hearing impairments might also use them. For example, screen readers can be used in conjunction with other assistive technologies to provide a complete experience for users with multiple disabilities.
The Importance of Digital Accessibility

Understanding these demographics and disability types underscores the importance of digital accessibility. Web accessibility ensures that your website can be used by everyone, regardless of their abilities. This is not just about compliance with standards like WCAG; it is about creating an inclusive digital environment.

This is why digital accessibility should be a priority for your business:
1. Legal Compliance: Many countries, including the United States, have laws that require websites to be accessible. Failing to meet these requirements can result in legal action, which can be costly and damaging to your reputation.
2. Broader Audience: By making your website accessible, you open it up to a wider audience. This includes not only people with disabilities but also those who use assistive technologies or have temporary impairments.
3. Better User Experience: Accessible websites often provide a better overall user experience. Features that help screen reader users can also benefit other users, such as more straightforward navigation and more readable content.
4. Enhanced Brand Image: Companies that prioritize accessibility are seen as more inclusive and socially responsible. This can improve your brand’s image and help build a positive reputation.
Making Your Website Accessible

To ensure your website meets digital accessibility standards, follow these best practices:
1. Adhere to WCAG Guidelines: WCAG is the gold standard for web accessibility. They provide specific recommendations for making web content more accessible. Familiarize yourself with these guidelines and implement them on your site.
2. Test with Screen Readers: Regularly test your website with screen readers to identify any accessibility issues. This can help you ensure that your content is being read correctly and that users can navigate your site effectively.
3. Seek Feedback: Get feedback from actual screen reader users. Their insights can be invaluable in identifying and addressing accessibility issues that you might not have considered.
4. Stay Updated: Digital accessibility is an evolving field. Keep up with the latest trends and updates to ensure your website remains compliant and accessible.
Wrapping Up

WebAIM’s Screen Reader Survey #10 provides crucial insights into who uses screen readers and how they interact with web content. By understanding the demographics, age ranges, and disability types of screen reader users, you can make informed decisions about improving your website’s digital accessibility. Adhering to WCAG guidelines and incorporating accessibility best practices will not only help you comply with legal requirements but also enhance the user experience for everyone.

For IT directors and company owners, prioritizing web accessibility is a smart move that benefits both your users and your business. By taking these insights to heart, you can create a more inclusive and effective online presence.

If you’d like to talk further about your web accessibility initiative, Schedule a Complimentary ADA Strategy Briefing with the experts at 216digital. We will help you take the steps towards web accessibility on your terms by developing a strategy to integrate WCAG 2.1 compliance into your development roadmap.
Greg McNeil

August 6, 2024

ADA Web Accessibility

digital accessibility, screen readers, Web Accessibility, WebAIM’s Screen Reader Survey, WebAIM’s Screen Reader Survey #10, Website Accessibility
Screen Readers 101: Making Your Site Accessible
In today’s digital age, making your website accessible to everyone is more important than ever. One critical aspect of digital accessibility is ensuring that your site is compatible with screen readers. But what exactly are screen readers, and why is it so important to make sure your website works well with them? In this blog post, we’ll dive into what screen readers are, who uses them, how they browse the Internet, and how you can test your website to ensure it’s screen reader-friendly.

What are Screen Readers and Who Uses Them?

Let’s start with the basics. A screen reader is a piece of software that reads aloud the text displayed on a computer or mobile device screen. It’s a vital tool for people who are blind or have severe visual impairments. However, screen readers are also used by individuals with other disabilities, such as those with learning disabilities or certain cognitive impairments, who may find it easier to listen to content rather than read it.

So, who exactly uses screen readers? The answer is billions of people around the world. In the United States alone, there are an estimated 12 million people over 40 with a visual disability. For these individuals, screen readers are essential for accessing the Internet, working, and communicating. Without screen readers, many websites would be entirely inaccessible to them.

How Do Screen Reader Users Browse the Internet?

Browsing the Internet with a screen reader is a completely different experience than browsing with sight. For starters, screen reader users don’t navigate web pages visually—they rely on audio cues and keyboard commands to get around.

Here’s a simplified version of how it works:
1. Screen Reader Starts Reading: When a screen reader user opens a webpage, the screen reader begins reading the content from top to bottom. It reads out the text, describes images (if alt text is provided), and announces the presence of links, buttons, and other interactive elements.
2. Keyboard Navigation: Instead of using a mouse, screen reader users navigate through the website using keyboard commands. They might use the Tab key to move between links, headings, and form fields, or shortcuts to jump to specific sections of the page, such as the main content or a list of links.
3. Listening for Context: Screen reader users often listen to the content at a much faster speed than normal. They also rely heavily on headings, landmarks, and other structural elements to understand the layout and flow of the page. For example, a user might jump from heading to heading to quickly scan the page and find the information they need.
4. Interacting with Elements: When a user encounters a form field, button, or link, the screen reader announces what it is and sometimes gives instructions on how to interact with it. For example, if there’s a “Submit” button, the screen reader might say, “Button: Submit. Press Enter to activate.”
For screen reader users, a well-structured, accessible website is key to having a smooth and efficient browsing experience. But if a website is not properly optimized for screen readers, it can become frustrating, confusing, or even impossible to use.

Why is Screen Reader Testing Important?

Now that you have a basic understanding of what screen readers are and how they’re used, let’s talk about why testing your website for screen reader compatibility is so important.

Ensuring Digital Accessibility

First and foremost, screen reader testing is crucial for ensuring digital accessibility. As a website owner, developer, or content creator, it’s your responsibility to make sure that your website is accessible to everyone, including people with disabilities. Screen reader testing helps you identify and fix issues that could prevent people who rely on these tools from accessing your content.

Complying with Legal Requirements

In the United States, websites are required by law to be accessible to people with disabilities. The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Title II and Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act are two key laws that apply to web accessibility. If your website is not accessible, you could be at risk of legal action, which could result in costly fines and damage to your reputation. By performing screen reader testing, you can ensure that your website complies with these laws.

Improving User Experience

Accessibility isn’t just about legal compliance—it’s also about providing a better user experience for everyone. When your website is accessible to screen reader users, it’s also likely to be more user-friendly for other visitors. For example, clear headings, logical page structure, and well-labeled buttons benefit all users, not just those with disabilities.

Reaching a Wider Audience

By making your website accessible to screen reader users, you’re opening it up to a wider audience. This can lead to more traffic, better SEO, and ultimately, more success for your business. Accessibility should be seen as an investment in your website’s future, not just a legal obligation.

What Are the Different Approaches to Accessibility Testing?

There are several different approaches to accessibility testing, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. To ensure that your website is fully accessible, it’s important to use a combination of these methods.

Automated Testing

Automated testing tools can scan your website for common accessibility issues, such as missing alt text, insufficient color contrast, and incorrect HTML structure. These tools are fast and can cover a lot of ground in a short amount of time. However, they can’t catch every issue—especially those related to screen reader compatibility.

Some popular automated accessibility testing tools include:
- WAVE: A web accessibility evaluation tool that highlights accessibility issues directly on your webpage.
- Lighthouse: A tool built into Chrome that can audit your website for performance, SEO, and accessibility issues.
While automated testing is a great starting point, it should never be the only method you use. Automated testing covers only 30-40% of accessibility guidelines and can miss more subtle or complex problems that require human judgment.

Manual Testing

Manual testing involves a human tester navigating your website and checking for accessibility issues. This approach is essential for catching issues that automated tools might miss, such as how well your website works with a screen reader. Manual testing can be more time-consuming and requires a deeper understanding of web accessibility, but it provides a more accurate picture of your website’s accessibility.

During manual testing, you should:
- Check Keyboard Navigation: Ensure that all interactive elements, such as links, buttons, and form fields, can be accessed and activated using only the keyboard.
- Test with a Screen Reader: Use a screen reader to navigate your website and listen to how the content is announced. Pay attention to whether the screen reader correctly identifies headings, lists, buttons, and other elements.
User Testing

User testing involves real users with disabilities testing your website and providing feedback on their experience. This is the most effective way to identify and fix accessibility issues, as it provides insight into how your website works in the real world.

To conduct user testing:
- Recruit Testers: Find users who rely on screen readers and other assistive technologies to test your website. You can reach out to local organizations, online communities, or professional networks to find willing participants.
- Observe and Take Notes: Watch how the testers interact with your website and take note of any issues they encounter. Pay attention to their feedback and use it to make improvements.
- Iterate and Improve: After making changes based on user feedback, test again to ensure that the issues have been resolved.
User testing can be more expensive and time-consuming than other methods, but it provides the most valuable insights.

Not sure what form of accessibility testing is right for you? Check out our article, Choosing the Right Accessibility Audit for Your Goals, for more information.

How to Perform Screen Reader Testing

Screen reader testing is a crucial part of manual and user testing. Here’s a step-by-step guide to performing screen reader testing on your website.

Choose Your Screen Readers

There are several different screen readers available, each with its own unique features and quirks. The most commonly used screen readers in the United States are:
- NVDA (NonVisual Desktop Access): A free and open-source screen reader for Windows.
- JAWS (Job Access With Speech): A popular screen reader for Windows, often used in workplaces.
- VoiceOver: The built-in screen reader for MacOS and iOS devices.
- TalkBack: The built-in screen reader for Android devices.
To ensure that your website is accessible to the widest audience possible, it’s important to test with more than one screen reader.

Familiarize Yourself with Screen Reader Commands

Screen readers are controlled through a series of keyboard commands. Before you start testing, take some time to familiarize yourself with the basic commands for the screen reader you’re using. Most screen readers have a “practice mode” where you can learn and try out different commands.

For example, in NVDA, you can press Ctrl + Alt + N to start the screen reader, use the Tab key to move through links and buttons, and press H to jump between headings.

Navigate Your Website

Start by opening your website with the screen reader turned on. Listen to how the screen reader announces the content, and use keyboard commands to navigate through the site. Pay attention to the following:
- Headings: Are they announced correctly? Do they provide a clear structure for the page?
- Links and Buttons: Are they labeled correctly? Do they make sense out of context?
- Forms: Are the form fields and labels announced clearly? Is it easy to fill out the form using only the keyboard?
Identify and Fix Issues

As you navigate your website, take note of any issues you encounter. For example, if the screen reader doesn’t announce a button’s label, it may be missing an aria-label attribute. If a heading is skipped, it might be due to incorrect HTML markup.

Once you’ve identified the issues, go back and fix them in your website’s code. Then, test again to ensure that the problem has been resolved.

Test on Different Devices

Screen reader behavior can vary depending on the device and browser being used. After testing on your primary device, try testing on different devices and browsers to ensure a consistent experience for all users.

Conclusion

In today’s world, making your website accessible to everyone isn’t just a nice-to-have—it’s a must-do. Ensuring your site works smoothly with screen readers is a big part of that. By taking the time to test and optimize your website for screen readers, you’re not only complying with legal requirements but also creating a better experience for all users. Plus, you’re opening the doors to a wider audience, which is always good for business.

If you’re ready to take the next step in making your website truly accessible, why not schedule a complimentary ADA Strategy Briefing with 216digital? We’re here to help you navigate the ins and outs of digital accessibility and ensure your site is welcoming to everyone. Let’s make the web a better place, one website at a time.
Greg McNeil

July 31, 2024

ADA Web Accessibility

assistive technology, digital accessibility, screen readers, Web Accessibility, web development, Website Accessibility
How Long Does It Take to Make Your Website Accessible?
In today’s digital age, having an accessible website is not just a nice-to-have—it’s essential. Whether you’re running a small business or managing a large enterprise, ensuring your website is accessible to everyone, including those with visual impairments, is crucial. But just how long does it take to make your website accessible, and what steps should you take? Let’s dive into the process and explore the differences between various approaches to web accessibility.

The Journey to Web Accessibility: A Long Road?

Making a website fully accessible often seems like a daunting and lengthy process. You might have heard about the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.1 AA standards, which provide a comprehensive framework for web accessibility. These guidelines cover a wide range of accessibility features and can seem overwhelming to tackle all at once.

What is WCAG 2.1 AA?

WCAG 2.1 AA is a set of guidelines created by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) to ensure that websites are accessible to people with disabilities. These standards include recommendations for making content perceivable, operable, understandable, and robust. To be WCAG 2.1 AA compliant, a website must meet specific criteria in these areas.

The process of making your site fully conformant can be complex. It involves:
1. Auditing Your Site: This means reviewing your website to identify all accessibility issues.
2. Fixing Issues: After identifying problems, developers need to resolve them, which can involve code changes, redesigns, and adjustments to content.
3. Testing: Ensuring that the fixes are working as intended and that the website remains functional and user-friendly.
4. Ongoing Maintenance: Accessibility is not a one-time fix; continuous updates and audits are necessary to keep up with new content and technologies.
Depending on the size and complexity of your website, this comprehensive process could take several months. It’s a detailed approach aimed at achieving full compliance, but it may not be the most efficient route for every business.

The Focused Approach: Quick Fixes for High-Risk Issues

Not every website needs to go through a full WCAG 2.1 AA conformance process right away. For many businesses, focusing on specific, high-risk accessibility issues can provide significant benefits with a much shorter timeline.

High-Risk Accessibility Issues

Certain accessibility problems are more likely to lead to legal action or complaints. By addressing these critical issues first, you can reduce the risk of Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) lawsuits and significantly improve the user experience for those with visual impairments. Companies like 216digital offer a focused approach to accessibility, where they tackle these high-risk areas in a matter of days—often within a week.

Benefits of a Focused Approach
1. Speed: You can quickly address the most critical issues, reducing your legal risks and improving accessibility in a short timeframe.
2. Cost-Effective: Targeting specific issues can be less expensive than a full overhaul, especially if you’re on a tight budget.
3. Immediate Impact: High-impact fixes can make a noticeable difference in user experience right away.
For many businesses, starting with a focused approach provides a practical solution and a strong foundation for further accessibility improvements over time.

Consulting Firms: Audit Reports vs. In-House Fixes

When choosing a firm to help with web accessibility, you’ll often encounter two types of services:
1. Audit-Only Firms: These companies provide a detailed report of accessibility issues but do not fix them. The responsibility for implementing changes falls on your shoulders.
2. Full-Service Firms: These firms, like 216digital, not only identify accessibility issues but also handle the fixes in-house.
Audit-Only Firms

Audit-only firms give you a comprehensive overview of what’s wrong with your website but leave the fixing to you. This approach has some downsides:
- Implementation Delays: Without a dedicated team to make changes, it can take time to address the issues yourself or through another developer.
- Additional Costs: You’ll likely need to hire another service to implement the changes, which can lead to increased costs and extended timelines.
- Unclear Prioritization: The report might highlight many issues without prioritizing them, making it harder to know where to start.
Full-Service Firms

On the other hand, full-service firms provide a more integrated solution:
- End-to-End Service: They handle both the audit and the fixes, streamlining the process and ensuring that accessibility issues are resolved efficiently.
- Faster Turnaround: With an in-house team managing everything, changes are made more quickly, often within a week or two.
- Expertise: These firms have specialized knowledge and experience, which can lead to higher quality and more effective fixes.
Choosing a full-service firm like 216digital can save you time, reduce stress, and provide peace of mind knowing that your accessibility needs are being handled by experts.

The Realities of Web Accessibility

Making your website accessible is not just about compliance; it’s about creating a better experience for all users. Here’s why investing in web accessibility is worthwhile:
1. Legal Protection: By addressing key accessibility issues, you minimize the risk of legal action related to ADA compliance.
2. Wider Audience: Accessible websites reach a broader audience, including individuals with disabilities who might otherwise be excluded.
3. Improved User Experience: Many accessibility features, such as clear navigation and text alternatives, also benefit users without disabilities.
A Practical Timeline

To sum up, if you’re looking to address high-risk accessibility issues quickly, focusing on these areas can be done in as little as a week with the right team. For a full WCAG 2.1 AA conformance, the process is more involved and can take several months. Choosing between an audit-only firm and a full-service firm can significantly impact your timeline and overall experience.

If you’re concerned about web accessibility for your website and want to get started quickly, consider working with a firm like 216digital. Our expertise and focused approach can help you address critical issues fast, giving you a solid start toward a more accessible website. Contact us today to schedule a complementary ADA Strategy Briefing so that you can confidently take this next step into digital accessibility.

Remember, web accessibility is an ongoing journey, not a one-time project. Investing in accessibility is investing in a better, more inclusive web experience for everyone.

By understanding the different approaches to web accessibility and the timelines involved, you can make informed decisions that align with your business needs and goals. Whether you opt for a focused fix or a full WCAG 2.1 AA compliance, taking steps toward a more accessible website will benefit both your users and your business.
Greg McNeil

July 26, 2024

ADA Web Accessibility

Accessibility, Accessibility Remediation, ADA Compliance, digital accessibility, Web Accessibility Remediation, Website Accessibility
Choosing the Right Web Accessibility Solution
In today’s digital age, ensuring that your website is accessible to all users, including those with disabilities, is not just a legal obligation but also a moral imperative. With the implementation of laws like the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and the European Accessibility Act (EAA), businesses must prioritize website accessibility to avoid potential legal repercussions and to foster an inclusive online environment. This guide will help you choose the right web accessibility solution for your organization, depending on your needs, goals, and budget. We will also highlight the ADA remediation services offered by 216digital, a leader in the field.

Understanding Website Accessibility and ADA Conformance

Website accessibility refers to the inclusive practice of ensuring that websites are usable by people of all abilities and disabilities. This includes making content perceivable, operable, and understandable, and robust for individuals with visual, auditory, motor, and cognitive impairments. ADA conformance means that a website meets the standards set by the ADA, which often align with the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) developed by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C).

Assessing Your Needs and Goals

Before diving into the web accessibility solutions available, it’s crucial to assess your organization’s specific needs and goals. Here are some key considerations:
1. Legal Compliance: Determine the legal requirements applicable to your business. For U.S. companies, ADA compliance is mandatory, while European companies must adhere to the EAA. Understanding these requirements will guide your accessibility efforts.
2. Audience: Consider your target audience and their potential accessibility needs. For example, if your website serves a large population of elderly users, you may need to focus more on features that improve readability and navigation.
3. Current State of Accessibility: Conduct an accessibility audit to identify existing issues. This will help you understand the scope of work required and prioritize improvements.
4. Budget: Establish a budget for accessibility improvements. Costs can vary widely depending on the complexity of your website and the extent of remediation needed.
5. Internal Expertise: Assess whether your team has the necessary skills and knowledge to implement accessibility changes or if you need external support.
Choosing the Right Web Accessibility Solution

Once you have a clear understanding of your needs and goals, you can start exploring the available solutions. Here are some tips for choosing the right web accessibility solution for your organization:

Automated Accessibility Tools

Automated audits like Lighthouse, WAVE, and Firefox Inspector are a great starting point for identifying common accessibility issues. These tools quickly show potential problems, such as missing alt text, incorrect heading structures, and broken links. They give you a report with these findings, which you can use as a starting point to make your site more accessible. Some popular automated tools include:
- Google Lighthouse: An open-source tool that provides audits for performance, accessibility, SEO, and more, generating detailed reports and actionable insights to improve website accessibility and user experience.
- WAVE (Web Accessibility Evaluation Tool): A web accessibility evaluation tool that highlights accessibility issues directly on the webpage, providing visual feedback and detailed reports to help identify and address barriers for users with disabilities.
- Firefox Inspector: A built-in tool in Firefox’s developer tools that allows users to inspect, modify, and debug HTML and CSS, including accessibility properties, helping developers ensure compliance with accessibility standards.
Pros of Automated Accessibility Tools
1. Speed: Automated tools can scan an entire website in minutes, providing a quick overview of accessibility issues.
2. Cost-Effective: These tools are generally less expensive than manual audits or professional services.
3. Convenience: useful for identifying widespread issues to ensure ongoing compliance.
Cons of Automated Accessibility Tools
1. Limited Scope: Automated tools cannot catch all accessibility issues, especially those involving user experience and context.
2. False Positives/Negatives: These tools can sometimes flag issues that aren’t actually problems or miss real issues, leading to incomplete compliance.
3. Lack of Detailed Guidance: While they provide suggestions, they often lack the detailed guidance needed to fix complex issues.
Manual Audits and User Testing

Manual audits and user testing provide a more in-depth analysis of your website’s accessibility. Accessibility experts will go through your site carefully, checking each part to make sure it follows WCAG’s guidelines. This is a detailed process where experts use different browsers and assistive tools, like screen readers or voice recognition software, to find and fix any small problems with accessibility.

Pros of Manual Audits and User Testing
1. Thoroughness: Human experts can identify complex issues that automated tools might miss.
2. Real-World Testing: User testing ensures that your site is usable for people with disabilities.
3. Detailed Reports: Manual audits provide in-depth reports and specific recommendations for improvement.
Cons Manual Audits and User Testing
1. Cost: Manual audits and user testing can be expensive, especially for large websites.
2. Time-Consuming: These processes take longer than automated scans, delaying the implementation of fixes.
3. Resource-Intensive: They require skilled professionals to coordinate with users with disabilities.
Accessibility Overlays and Plugins

Accessibility overlays and plugins offer quick fixes for improving accessibility. These solutions typically add features like screen reader compatibility, keyboard navigation, and color contrast adjustments by modifying a website’s code with a snippet of JavaScript.

Pros Accessibility Overlays and Plugins
1. Quick Implementation: Overlays can be added to your site quickly, offering an immediate boost in accessibility.
2. User Control: They often allow users to customize their experience, such as adjusting font sizes or contrast levels.
3. Cost-Effective: Generally cheaper than comprehensive manual audits or professional services.
Cons Accessibility Overlays and Plugins
1. Superficial Fixes: Overlays may not address the root causes of accessibility issues, leading to only superficial compliance.
2. User Frustration: Some users with disabilities find overlays intrusive or ineffective.
3. Potential Legal Risks: Reliance on overlays alone may not meet legal accessibility standards, potentially exposing your site to legal action.
Check out our guide on web accessibility overlays for more details on how they might make your website a target for a frivolous ADA lawsuit.

Consulting and Professional Services

For organizations seeking a thorough and sustainable approach to accessibility, consulting, and professional services are ideal. These provide customized solutions based on your specific needs, including expert guidance, comprehensive audits, remediation, and ongoing support.

Pros Consulting and Professional Services
1. Expert Guidance: Professionals bring a wealth of experience and expertise to ensure comprehensive accessibility.
2. Custom Solutions: Services are tailored to your website’s unique needs and requirements.
3. Ongoing Support: Many consulting firms offer ongoing support and training to maintain accessibility.
Cons Consulting and Professional Services
1. High Cost: Professional services are typically the most expensive option.
2. Dependency: Relying on external consultants can create dependency, potentially slowing down internal development processes.
3. Implementation Time: Custom solutions take time to develop and implement, potentially delaying compliance.
216digital’s ADA Remediation Services

When it comes to professional web accessibility solutions, 216digital stands out as a trusted provider of ADA remediation services. Here’s why 216digital is a top choice for ensuring your website meets ADA conformance:

Risk Mitigation

Through our extensive experience and collaboration with key legal players, 216digital has determined the metrics and red flags that cause companies to get hit with ADA non-compliance lawsuits. We know exactly how to take the target off of your back so that you can forget about the ambulance chasers and focus on growing your business.

Our goal through this service is to get the best possible settlement through the improvement of your automated scan results. Identifying and removing web accessibility errors detected with scanning tools and those addressed in the lawsuit. Providing an Accessibility Statement, Skip Link, and Focus Outlines as window dressing to further prevent copycats. Ensure you don’t fall victim to copycat legislation by getting your metrics below internally established risk tolerance thresholds.

Real-World Accessibility

While automated accessibility scans are functional and convenient, they only curate about 30% of issues, leaving your website exposed to a lawsuit and your customers with a poor user experience.

WCAG 2.1 Professional Audits provide insight that accessibility software can’t, which is essential to ensuring that disabled users can access your website to their fullest extent. Only through professional auditing, page-by-page click-throughs, and testing assistive technology such as screen readers and keyboard-only commands can your website reach full accessibility compliance.

Our Web Accessibility Professionals will evaluate and examine the accessibility level of your website’s UI, source code, usability, and design. Then, they will implement solutions focused on three key areas:
- Screen reader and assistive technology compatibility
- Keyboard-only navigation, operation, and orientation
- UI and design
Ongoing Support and Monitoring

Accessibility monitoring is an ongoing and proactive process that regularly checks online content for accessibility violations. Think of it as an early warning system, allowing developers and content creators to identify and fix potential barriers quickly.

216digital’s a11y. Radar is an automated tool that regularly checks your website for ADA compliance. It tracks your ongoing efforts, whether they’re done by your in-house team or an outside agency. You’ll get access to detailed dashboards and updates on any content, code, or user experience issues that might affect your website’s accessibility. Plus, our easy-to-use interface lets your team see current problems and manage any changes that need to be made.

Here are some of a11y. Radar’s key features:
- Dynamic Dashboard Display
- Compliance Scans
- Detailed Issue Reports
- Issue Tracking Over Time
- Manual Testing Reports
- Email Alerts
- Current Web Compliance Status
Conclusion

Choosing the right web accessibility solution is crucial for ensuring that your website is inclusive, usable, and conforms to legal standards. By assessing your needs, goals, and budget, you can determine the most appropriate approach, whether it’s using automated tools, conducting manual audits, implementing accessibility overlays, or partnering with professional services like 216digital.

216digital‘s ADA remediation services offer a comprehensive, customized, and user-centered solution to web accessibility. By leveraging their expertise, you can achieve ADA conformance and provide a better online experience for all users, ultimately fostering an inclusive digital environment and protecting your organization from potential legal challenges.

Investing in web accessibility is not just about compliance; it’s about creating a web that works for everyone. Take the first step today and choose the right accessibility solution for your organization.
Greg McNeil

July 23, 2024

ADA Web Accessibility

Accessibility Remediation, ADA Web Accessibility, digital accessibility, Web Accessibility, Web Accessibility Remediation, Web Accessibility Solution
The European Accessibility Act: How to Prepare
In an increasingly digital world, accessibility is more than just a buzzword—it is necessary. The European Accessibility Act (EAA) is a transformative piece of legislation that will significantly impact businesses and organizations across the European Union. Understanding what the EAA entails and taking proactive steps to comply can ensure legal compliance, expand your audience, and improve the user experience.

What is the European Accessibility Act (EAA)?

The European Accessibility Act, adopted in 2019, aims to improve the functioning of the internal market for accessible products and services by removing barriers created by divergent rules in Member States. This directive focuses on enhancing accessibility for people with disabilities, ensuring they have equal access to products and services, particularly in the digital domain.

The EAA applies to various sectors, including:
- Computers and operating systems
- ATMs, ticket kiosks, and check-in terminals
- Smartphones
- Digital TV equipment and related accessories
- Telecommunication services and equipment
- Access to audio-visual media, including TV broadcasts and related consumer devices
- Transportation services for air, bus, rail, and maritime travel
- Banking services
- E-books
- Online shopping and e-commerce
The deadline for compliance is June 28, 2025, giving organizations a clear timeframe to adapt their products and services to meet these new standards. Non-compliance can lead to significant penalties, and more importantly, it may alienate a substantial portion of the market.

Preparing for the EAA: Steps to Increase Digital Accessibility

Preparing for the EAA involves thoroughly understanding the requirements and taking systematic steps to ensure your organization is compliant. Here are essential steps to help you prepare:

1. Understand the Specific Requirements for the EAA

The first step towards compliance is to understand the specific requirements of the EAA fully. Begin by …
- Reviewing the text of the legislation to understand the general and specific obligations.
- Identify which products and services your organization offers fall under the scope of the EAA.
- Consult legal experts or accessibility consultants to interpret the requirements for your specific case.
2.Conduct an Accessibility Audit

An accessibility audit comprehensively evaluates your digital products and services to identify areas not meeting accessibility standards. This audit should cover:
- Websites and web applications
- Mobile apps
- Electronic documents (e.g., PDFs, e-books)
- Software and hardware interfaces
The audit should be conducted by professionals well-versed in the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.1, as these guidelines form the basis for many of the EAA’s requirements.

3.Develop an EAA Accessibility Strategy

Based on the audit findings, develop a clear and actionable accessibility strategy. This strategy should include:
- Setting Goals: Define specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART) goals for accessibility improvements.
- Allocating Resources: Determine the budget, personnel, and tools required to implement accessibility improvements.
- Creating a Timeline: Establish a timeline for achieving compliance, with milestones to track progress.
4.Implement Accessibility Improvements

With a strategy in place, begin implementing the necessary changes. Key areas to focus on include:
- Web and Mobile Accessibility: Ensure your websites and mobile apps comply with WCAG 2.1 AA standards. This includes providing text alternatives for non-text content, making content easily navigable, and making all functionalities available via keyboard.
- Document Accessibility: Make sure electronic documents, such as PDFs and e-books, are accessible. This involves proper formatting, including headings, lists, and tables, and ensuring screen readers can interpret the content correctly.
- Software and Hardware Interfaces: Ensure that software interfaces are navigable and operable by people with disabilities. This might involve providing tactile indicators, voice control, or other assistive features for hardware.
5.Train Your Team on the EAA

Accessibility is not a one-time project but an ongoing commitment. Train your team on accessibility best practices to ensure that accessibility is integrated into your organizational culture. This training should cover:
- Designers and Developers: Training on how to create accessible user interfaces and code.
- Content Creators: Guidance on writing accessible content and using accessible formats.
- Customer Service Staff: Educating on how to assist customers with disabilities.
6.Engage with Users with Disabilities

User testing is a critical component of accessibility. Engage with users with disabilities to test your products and services. Their feedback will provide invaluable insights into real-world accessibility issues and help you make necessary adjustments.

7.Monitor and Maintain Accessibility

Accessibility is an ongoing process. Establish procedures for regularly monitoring and maintaining accessibility standards. This includes:
- Regular Audits: Conduct regular accessibility audits to ensure continued compliance.
- User Feedback: Create channels for users to report accessibility issues and ensure these reports are addressed promptly.
- Staying Updated: Keep abreast of updates to accessibility standards and legislation to ensure ongoing compliance.
Benefits of Compliance

Complying with the EAA goes beyond avoiding legal repercussions. It offers several significant benefits:
- Wider Audience Reach: By making your products and services accessible, you open your business to a broader audience, including the estimated 135 million people with disabilities in Europe.
- Improved User Experience: Accessibility improvements often enhance the overall user experience, benefiting all users, not just those with disabilities.
- Enhanced Reputation: Demonstrating a commitment to accessibility can improve your organization’s reputation, showing that you value inclusivity and diversity.
- Competitive Advantage: Early compliance can set your organization apart from competitors who may delay or neglect these essential improvements.
Conclusion

The European Accessibility Act is a landmark step towards a more inclusive digital world. By understanding the requirements and taking proactive steps to ensure compliance, organizations can avoid legal penalties, enhance their user experience, reach a broader audience, and demonstrate a commitment to inclusivity.

Schedule a briefing with 216digital today to start preparing to ensure your organization is ready for the EAA and can thrive in an increasingly accessible digital landscape.
Greg McNeil

July 22, 2024

ADA Web Accessibility

Accessibility, digital accessibility, EAA, WCAG Compliance, Website Accessibility
What Are The Most Accessible Shopify Themes?
Hey there, Shopify store owners, developers, and content creators! If you’re reading this, having a stunning online store is critical to attracting customers. But have you ever thought about making your store accessible to everyone, including people with disabilities? In today’s digital age, digital accessibility is crucial and more than just a buzzword. It’s about ensuring everyone can enjoy your site, no matter their abilities. Let’s dive into accessible Shopify themes and why they matter.

Understanding Digital Accessibility

Digital accessibility means designing websites and digital tools so everyone, including people with disabilities, can use them. Disabilities can be visual, auditory, physical, speech, cognitive, or neurological. When your site is accessible, you’re not just following best practices but also reaching a broader audience, enhancing your SEO, and showing you care about all your visitors.

Why Accessibility Matters for Shopify Stores

Shopify is one of the best e-commerce platforms for creating beautiful online stores. But beauty isn’t everything. Accessibility matters because:
1. Inclusivity: Making your site accessible ensures everyone can use it, including those with disabilities. This increases your potential customer base.
2. Legal Compliance: In the US, websites must comply with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). Not following these guidelines can lead to lawsuits.
3. SEO Benefits: Accessible sites are often better optimized for search engines, meaning better rankings and more traffic.
4. Better User Experience: An accessible site is usually more user-friendly, keeping customers returning.
What Makes a Shopify Theme Accessible?

So, what should you look for in an accessible Shopify theme? Here are some key features:
1. Keyboard Navigation: Users should be able to perform actions on your site using just a keyboard.
2. Screen Reader Compatibility: Your site should work well with screen readers, which helps visually impaired users navigate the web.
3. Text Alternatives: All images should have alt text so screen readers can describe them to users.
4. Color Contrast: Text should have enough contrast with the background to be easily readable.
5. Resizing Text: Users should be able to zoom and resize text without breaking your site’s layout.
6. Clear Labels and Instructions: Forms and buttons should be clearly labeled so users know what they’re for.
Top Accessible Shopify Themes Compatible with Online Store 2.0

Now, let’s get into some of the most accessible Shopify themes compatible with Online Store 2.0. These themes are designed with digital accessibility in mind, ensuring your store is usable for everyone.

Dawn

Dawn is Shopify’s flagship theme for Online Store 2.0 and is built with accessibility in mind.
- Keyboard Navigation: Dawn is fully navigable via keyboard, making it accessible for users who can’t use a mouse.
- Screen Reader Support: The theme is compatible with screen readers, ensuring visually impaired users can access all content.
- High Contrast: Dawn offers excellent contrast between text and background, which helps users with low vision.
Craft

Craft is perfect for stores with a focus on aesthetics and usability.
- Text Alternatives: Every image in Craft can have alt text, making it accessible for screen readers.
- Flexible Design: The theme’s layout adjusts well when text is resized, ensuring it remains readable.
- Clear Instructions: Forms and interactive elements in Craft are clearly labeled.
Sense

Sense is a clean and modern theme designed for ease of use and accessibility.
- High Contrast Mode: Sense offers a high-contrast color scheme, improving readability for low-vision users.
- Accessible Forms: Forms are well-labeled and easy to use, ensuring everyone can complete purchases without hassle.
- Keyboard-Friendly: Like the others, Sense is designed to work well with keyboard navigation.
Crave

Crave is a stylish theme that combines modern design with robust accessibility features.
- Responsive Design: Crave’s responsive design ensures it looks great and works well on all devices, which is crucial for accessibility.
- Alt Text: All images can have alt text, which is essential for screen reader users.
- Clear Navigation: The navigation is straightforward to use, making it accessible to everyone.
Refresh

Refresh is ideal for stores that want a clean, modern look without compromising on accessibility.
- Keyboard Navigation: The theme supports full keyboard navigation, ensuring users with disabilities can easily browse.
- High Contrast: Refresh uses high contrast in its design, improving readability.
- Screen Reader Friendly: It’s built to work seamlessly with screen readers.
Tips for Enhancing Accessibility on Your Shopify Store

Choosing an accessible theme is just the first step. Here are some additional tips to make your Shopify store even more accessible:
1. Add Alt Text to Images: Every image on your site should have alternative text. This action helps screen reader users understand what’s on your site.
2. Use Descriptive Links: Instead of “click here,” use descriptive text like “view our latest collection.”
3. Ensure Text Readability: Use large, clear fonts and high-contrast colors.
4. Test Your Site: Regularly check your site with the WAVE Web Accessibility Evaluation Tool for accessibility issues.
5. Provide Keyboard Shortcuts: Offer keyboard shortcuts for common actions to make navigation easier.
6. Accessible Forms: Make sure forms are easy to use and clearly labeled.
7. Regular Updates: Keep your site and theme updated to fix any accessibility issues.
Conclusion

Digital accessibility isn’t just about ticking a box; it’s about creating an inclusive and user-friendly experience for all your visitors. Choosing an accessible Shopify theme like Dawn, Craft, Sense, Crave, or Refresh is a great start.

Remember, an accessible site broadens your customer base, boosts your SEO, and helps you comply with legal requirements. So, take the time to invest in digital accessibility—it’s worth it!

Starting your web accessibility journey on Shopify has never been easier with 216digital by your side. Schedule a complimentary ADA Strategy Briefing with our experts to craft a tailored plan for integrating WCAG 2.1 compliance into your development roadmap. We’re here to guide you every step of the way, ensuring that your online store meets accessibility standards while you focus on growing your business.

Happy selling, and here’s to a more inclusive web!
Greg McNeil

July 18, 2024

ADA Web Accessibility

Accessibility, digital accessibility, Shopify, Shopify Themes, web development, Website Accessibility
5 Common Image Alt Text Mistakes
If you’re a website owner, developer, or content creator, you’ve probably heard about the importance of alt text for images. Alt text, short for alternative text, is crucial for web accessibility. It helps people with visual impairments understand what’s in the images on your site, using screen readers. It also has SEO benefits, helping search engines understand and index your images. However, writing good alt text isn’t always straightforward. Here are some common mistakes people make and how to avoid them.

1.Some Images Should Use an Empty Alt Attribute

One of the most common mistakes is thinking every image needs alt text. Not all images require detailed descriptions. Decorative images, like those used purely for design or spacing, should use an empty alt attribute (alt=””). This tells screen readers to skip these images, preventing unnecessary clutter for users.

For instance, if you have a decorative border or a purely aesthetic icon, you don’t need to describe it. Including alt text for these elements can overwhelm users with information and make their browsing experience frustrating. Always ask yourself if the image conveys essential information. If not, it’s a good candidate for an empty alt attribute.

2.Context Matters

Context is everything when it comes to writing alt text. The same image might need different alt text depending on where and how it’s used. For example, a picture of a dog on a veterinary website might need different alt text than the same picture on a pet adoption site.

Let’s say you have an image of a golden retriever. On a veterinary site, the alt text might be “Golden retriever receiving a check-up at the vet.” On a pet adoption site, it could be “Golden retriever available for adoption.” The context gives users the specific information they need based on where they are and what they’re looking for.

3.Screen Readers and Search Engines Already Know That It’s an Image

Another mistake is being redundant in alt text. Screen readers and search engines already know the element is an image, so you don’t need to start with “Image of…” or “Picture of…”. Jump straight into the description.

Instead of saying, “Image of a woman using a laptop,” just say, “Woman using a laptop.” This makes your alt text more concise and easier for screen readers to process. Remember, simplicity and clarity are key.

4.Write Alt Text as Simple Sentences

Good alt text is clear and straightforward. Using simple sentences helps ensure that everyone can understand your descriptions, including those using screen readers. Avoid complex phrases and jargon that could confuse users.

For example, if you have a photo of a sunset, instead of saying, “A stunningly beautiful sunset with hues of orange and pink casting a magnificent glow over the tranquil sea,” you could say, “Sunset over the sea with orange and pink colors.” Simple, right? It’s all about making the information as accessible as possible.

5.Don’t Repeat Captions in Alt Text

If your image already has a caption, don’t just copy and paste it into the alt text. Alt text and captions serve different purposes. Captions are visible to all users and often provide context or additional information, while alt text is specifically for those who can’t see the image.

For instance, if you have a caption that says, “John Doe speaking at the annual tech conference,” the alt text could be “John Doe at a podium,” giving a brief description without repeating the same information. This way, you enhance the user’s understanding without redundancy.

The Importance of Web Accessibility

Web accessibility is about making the internet usable for everyone, including people with disabilities. Alt text plays a significant role in this effort. By providing descriptive alt text, you ensure that all users, regardless of their abilities, can access the information on your site.

Accessible websites don’t just benefit those with disabilities. They can improve the overall user experience, increase your audience reach, and even boost your SEO. Search engines like Google use alt text to understand what images are about, which can help your site rank better in search results.

Practical Tips for Writing Good Alt Text

Here are some practical tips to help you write better alt text:
1. Be Descriptive but Concise: Aim for a balance between being detailed and keeping it short. Generally, 125 characters is a good length to shoot for.
2. Focus on What’s Important: Describe the most important aspects of the image. Think about what information the user needs to understand the image in the context of the content.
3. Avoid Redundancy: As mentioned, don’t use phrases like “image of” or repeat the caption.
4. Use Proper Grammar and Punctuation: Even though alt text might seem less formal, proper grammar and punctuation help with clarity.
5. Think About the User’s Experience: Always consider how a user relying on a screen reader will interpret your alt text. Will it provide the necessary information in a clear and straightforward manner?
Common Scenarios and Examples

To make things clearer, let’s look at some common scenarios and examples of good alt text.

Scenario 1: Product Images

If you’re running an e-commerce site, your product images need good alt text. For a photo of a red dress, a good alt text might be “Red cocktail dress with ruffle sleeves.” This description is concise and gives potential buyers the information they need.

Scenario 2: Infographics

Infographics can be tricky because they often contain a lot of information. A good approach is to summarize the key points. For example, if your infographic shows the steps of a process, the alt text might be “Infographic showing 5 steps to start a blog: Choose a platform, Pick a domain, Set up hosting, Design your site, Publish content.”

Scenario 3: Event Photos

For event photos, focus on who, what, where, and when. An image from a company event might have alt text like “CEO Jane Smith speaking at the annual company meeting in June 2023.”

Conclusion

Writing effective alt text is an essential skill for anyone managing a website. It’s not just about ticking a box for accessibility; it’s about making your content accessible and useful for everyone. By avoiding common mistakes like over-describing, repeating captions, or using complex sentences, you can create a better experience for all users.

Remember, the goal of alt text is to provide essential information to those who can’t see the image. Keep it simple, relevant, and in context, and you’ll be well on your way to making your website more accessible and inclusive. Web accessibility isn’t just a legal requirement; it’s a way to show that you care about all your users, making your site more welcoming to everyone.

At 216digital, our expert team can assist you in developing a strategy to make this journey of WCAG 2.1 compliance as smooth as possible. Contact us today to schedule a complementary ADA Strategy Briefing so that you can confidently take this next step into digital accessibility.
Greg McNeil

July 15, 2024

ADA Web Accessibility

Accessibility, Alt text, digital accessibility, Image Alt Text, Website Accessibility
Navigating Digital Accessibility Regulation in 2024

Significant changes in digital accessibility legislation took place in 2023 that will significantly affect how businesses operate online in 2024. Accessibility has become a central focus in the United States Department of Justice, state legislatures, and even in Europe. These changes will have implications for businesses going forward, and it is essential for them to remain informed, assess their current status, and comply with the latest regulations.

To help you stay updated on these developments, we have created this blog post to assist you in keeping track of everything in the digital accessibility space.

ADA Digital Accessibility at the Federal Level in the US

In August 2023, the Department of Justice shared a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) about digital accessibility that’s been getting a lot of attention. This NPRM proposes a specific technical standard that state and local governments must follow to meet their existing obligations under Title II of the ADA.

Key points from the NPRM proposals include:

WCAG 2.1 AA

The proposal suggests using WCAG Version 2.1, Level AA, as the rules for making websites and mobile apps easier to navigate. WCAG stands for Web Content Accessibility Guidelines, and it was created to help make the Internet more accessible for everyone.

Websites and Mobile Apps

These rules would apply to the websites and mobile apps that state and local governments use to share information or provide services to the public. For instance, if a local government lets people pay for parking using a mobile app, that app would need to follow these rules to make sure it’s easy for everyone to use.

Compliance Timeline

The DOJ also suggests that state and local governments follow these technical standards within two or three years after the final rule is published, depending on their population size. Smaller public entities, with populations under 50,000 people, would have three years to comply. In contrast, larger ones, with populations of 50,000 or more, would have two years to meet the standard.

Additional details are available in the NPRM‘s “Requirements by Entity Size” section.

State-led Legislation for Digital Accessibility

While federal regulations set a baseline, several states are proactively addressing digital accessibility within their own jurisdictions. Let’s look at some notable examples:

California Assembly Bill 1757

California has introduced Assembly Bill 1757. This bill aims to make it illegal for any provider of online resources to create, license, distribute, or maintain an internet website for public use that does not meet the accessibility standards outlined in the [WCAG 2.1 Level AA].

If this bill becomes law, it may have an impact on business activities within the state, as well as have personal consequences for individual web developers. Developers may find themselves facing lawsuits from both businesses and individuals with disabilities. The recent changes to the bill eliminate the possibility of developers claiming ignorance, as the responsibility threshold has shifted from “knowingly or intentionally to include “negligently” engaged in constructing an inaccessible website. Furthermore, the updated wording prevents developers from shifting liability to the companies that hired them.

AB 1757 is currently under consideration by the Senate Judiciary Committee, and there is heightened attention on whether it will progress into law. All eyes are on this legislation, anticipating its potential implications.

Rhode Island Bills 2023 H-5106 and S-0105

Senators Ujifusa and Representative Vella-Wilkinson are focused on the DOJ’s NPRM proposal. They’ve put forward two bills in Rhode Island: 2023 H-5106 (PDF) and 2023 S-0105 (PDF). These bills aim to make sure that all new websites available to the public follow the ADA’s digital accessibility rules before they go live. On the other hand, existing public websites have until July 1, 2028, to meet WCAG 2.1 AA standards.

The Minnesota House Bill HF-480

Minnesota has proposed Bill HF-480, aiming to allocate funds to the Minnesota Council on Disabilities. The goal is to offer training, aid, and assistance to cities and counties, helping them meet the required standards for website accessibility. Additionally, the bill proposes an annual report detailing the figures related to website accessibility training, technical support, and outreach. It also includes estimates of the costs involved in implementing recommended changes to the websites of cities and counties.

Rhode Island’s Digital Accessibility and Equity Governance Board

Governor Healey of Massachusetts is following in the footsteps of Rhode Island and Minnesota by taking a proactive stance on digital accessibility. She recently signed an Executive Order creating the Digital Accessibility and Equity Governance Board. The board’s goal is to make sure that all digital applications are fully functional and accessible to everyone.

The board will establish and maintain standards, guidelines, and policies for digital accessibility and equity. It will also collaborate with other executive branch offices and agencies to develop procurement policies, contractual standards, and other relevant documents that support digital accessibility efforts.

Hawaii’s HB1419 Bill

On January 1, 2023, Hawaii’s Bill HF-480 brought in the “Hawaii Electronic Information Technology Disability Access Standards” to make digital content more accessible. As of July 1, 2023, all state organizations must check these access standards and update their rules, policies, and procedures for getting and creating digital content.

Kansas Takes a Different Approach

While some states are becoming stricter about digital accessibility, Kansas is making headlines with a unique law. As of July 1, 2023, The Act Against Abusive Website Access Litigation allows local businesses to take legal action against individuals and their lawyers who file lawsuits about website accessibility under the ADA.

The purpose is to counter what is considered “abusive” litigation and seek compensation for defense costs and even punitive damages. Lawsuits can be filed in any jurisdiction. However, this Kansas law will only be in effect until the Department of Justice issues regulations on website accessibility under Title III of the ADA.

The European Accessibility Act

Looking beyond the US, the European Accessibility Act (EAA) is set to bring about substantial changes. With a looming deadline of June 28, 2025, the act aims to improve the accessibility of products and services. This includes public and private websites and mobile applications, including US-based companies selling to the EU sector.

Before the EAA, different accessibility rules existed throughout EU member states, making it difficult for digital product vendors and purchasers. The EAA has standardized accessibility requirements, making it easier for everyone involved.

But suppose you are an online business selling to the EU sector. In that case, it is crucial to make sure that your practices comply with the European Accessibility Act before the deadline arrives.

Implications for Online Businesses

Staying informed about digital accessibility legislation is essential for online businesses aiming to foster inclusivity and avoid legal challenges. The 2023 announcements at both federal and state levels in the US and the impending deadline in the EU underscore the global importance of ADA compliance.

Businesses should closely monitor updates, assess their current digital accessibility status, and take steps to align with the latest regulations. By doing so, they not only mitigate legal risks but also contribute to a more accessible and inclusive online environment.

Preparing for the Future with 216digital

Regardless of where you are on your journey, we’re here to help. At 216digital, we can assist you in developing a strategy to integrate WCAG 2.1 compliance into your development roadmap on your terms. Our expert team will assess your website, provide recommendations, and implement the necessary adjustments to make sure your website meets the latest accessibility standards.
Contact us today to schedule a complementary ADA Strategy Briefing so that you can confidently embrace the future of digital accessibility.

Greg McNeil

February 27, 2024

216digital, ADA Compliance, ADA Web Accessibility

Accessibility, ADA Compliance, ADA Lawsuit, ADA non-compliance, ADA Website Compliance, digital accessibility, Website Accessibility

What is Accessibility Testing?

Why Your Website Needs Accessibility Testing

Overview of Different Accessibility Testing Methods

Automated Testing

Manual Testing

Hybrid Testing

Choosing the Right Accessibility Audit for Your Goals

Overview of 216digital’s Accessibility Services

Phase 1: Risk Mitigation Service

Phase 2: Real-World Accessibility Service

How Combining Automated and Manual Testing Enhances Accessibility

216digital’s a11y.Radar Service for Ongoing Monitoring

How a11y.Radar Helps Prevent Frivolous ADA Lawsuits and Maintains Accessibility Compliance

Conclusion

What Are the Different International Accessibility Laws?

The European Accessibility Act (EAA)

The Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act (AODA)

The UK Equality Act 2010

The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG)

What International Laws Apply to Your Online Business?

Do These Laws Apply to Your Online Business?

The Importance of Web Compliance and Accessibility

Conclusion

Targeted Demographic: Who Uses Screen Readers?

Targeted Age: Understanding the Age Range

Disabilities and Disability Types: Types of Disabilities Addressed

The Importance of Digital Accessibility

Making Your Website Accessible

Wrapping Up

What are Screen Readers and Who Uses Them?

How Do Screen Reader Users Browse the Internet?

Here’s a simplified version of how it works:

Why is Screen Reader Testing Important?

Ensuring Digital Accessibility

Complying with Legal Requirements

Improving User Experience

Reaching a Wider Audience

What Are the Different Approaches to Accessibility Testing?

Automated Testing

Manual Testing

User Testing

How to Perform Screen Reader Testing

Choose Your Screen Readers

Familiarize Yourself with Screen Reader Commands

Navigate Your Website

Identify and Fix Issues

Test on Different Devices

Conclusion

The Journey to Web Accessibility: A Long Road?

What is WCAG 2.1 AA?

The Focused Approach: Quick Fixes for High-Risk Issues

High-Risk Accessibility Issues

Benefits of a Focused Approach

Consulting Firms: Audit Reports vs. In-House Fixes

Audit-Only Firms

Full-Service Firms

The Realities of Web Accessibility

A Practical Timeline

Understanding Website Accessibility and ADA Conformance

Assessing Your Needs and Goals

Choosing the Right Web Accessibility Solution

Automated Accessibility Tools

Pros of Automated Accessibility Tools

Cons of Automated Accessibility Tools

Manual Audits and User Testing

Pros of Manual Audits and User Testing

Cons Manual Audits and User Testing

Accessibility Overlays and Plugins

Pros Accessibility Overlays and Plugins

Cons Accessibility Overlays and Plugins

Consulting and Professional Services

Pros Consulting and Professional Services

Cons Consulting and Professional Services

216digital’s ADA Remediation Services

Risk Mitigation

Real-World Accessibility

Ongoing Support and Monitoring

Conclusion

What is the European Accessibility Act (EAA)?

Preparing for the EAA: Steps to Increase Digital Accessibility